October sets an all-time record as Earth continues on pace for its second-warmest year since 1850

The planet's record-setting warmth continued in October, with global temperatures soaring past the previous record. Oceans also reached unprecedented warmth as El Niño strengthened, while major hurricanes and shrinking sea ice highlighted the month's climate extremes. The planet had its warmest October on record, surging past the previous record set in 2024 by more than a tenth of a degree. October had the largest temperature departure for any month in 176 years of climate data. The average global surface temperature, including land and ocean surfaces, was 2.57 degrees above the 20th-century average, marking the 50th consecutive October to rise above average. All 10 of Earth's warmest Octobers on record have happened since 2015.

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